bucklin



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. A BUGKLIN. OPTHALMOSGOPIG TEST LENS.

Patented Nov. 18, 1884.

N. PETERS, Pmuwushugmpher, wnslungmn. D. CA

(No Mode1;) v 8 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. C. A. BUGKLIN.'

UPTHALMOSGOPIG TEST LENS. No. 808,302. i Patented Nov. 18, 1884.

Unire rares arent trice.

CHARLES AUBREY BUCKLIN, OF'NEV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO JOHN S.

SPENCER, OF SAME PLACE, AND JAMES E. SPENCER, OF BROOKLYN, N. Y. i

" OPTHALMOSCOPIC TEST-LENS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,302, dated November 18, 1884.

Application filed March 13, 1884. (No model.)

T all whom t may concern: Be it known that I, CHARLES AUBREY; BUCKLIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Op-` thalmoscopic Test Lenses, of which the fol-f lowing is a specification. 1 The invention relates to improvements in opthalrnoscopic test-lenses, and its nature and method of use will be fully understood from the detailed description hereinafter presented, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure lis a front elevation of an apparatus embodying the elements ofthe invention. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section of same on the line x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detached View of that portion of the apparatus used for determining the pupillary distance 'between the eyes. Figs. 4c, 5, and 6 are detached views of the disks V, WV, and X; and Figs. 7 and 8 are detached views of parts which will be understood by the reference thereto by letters 2 5' hereinafter. A

Referring to the drawings, A denotes a stand, which will preferably be of cast'-iron and of ornamental configuration, and its use is simply to support the bifureated standard 3o B and to permit the vertical adjustment of same. The lower portion of the standard B enters the frame or stand A, and when elevated to any desired position it is there retained by the clamping-ring C and set-screw I), which ring encircles the standard and rests upon the upper end of the frame A. Above the ring C the bifurcated standard B has an enlargement, E, from the front and rear edge of which its two arms, lettered F G, respectively, extend upward a proper distance, tapering in width, preferably, toward their upper end, where they are provided with corresponding bearing-apertures H I. Thefront arm, F, of the standard B has near its base an elongated opening, J, and index-ngers K L, one finger being at the upper and the other at the lower edge ofthe opening J, and the purposes of which will be mentioned hereinafter.

Between the arms F G of the standard B is mounted upon the hollow hubs M N the hollow disk O, the hubs M N passing through the apertures H I into corresponding apertures provided in the anterior and posterior sides of the disk. The hub 'M has an outwardlydeflecting flange on its front edge, which adapts it' for an eye-piece, and through these hubs and the hollow disk is the linesight for the apparatus. The posterior face of the disk O will preferably be secured in place by small screws,and the disk is adapted to revolve upon the bearings afforded by the hollowhubs M N.

Upon the anterior face of the disk O are supplied the openings, lettered P Q R, respectively, one being at each side and slightly above its longitudinal center when in a nor` mal position, the other being at its upper portion, as indicated, and upon the lower semicircumference of the said face of the disk is arranged a scale of degrees, S, having above and below it the proper indicating figures, those above the scale commencing from 0 at the opening P and increasing to 180 at the opening R, while those figures below the scale commence at 90 adjacent to the opening P, ascending to 180 at the vertical center of the disk and thence beginning at 0 and increasing to 90 at theopening R. The application of the scale numbered as described andshown is rendered desirable from the fact that the position of the axis in which convex cylindrical lenses are usually required bythe eye is 90, while the position in which concave cylindrical lenses is thus required is ISO. rlhe row of figures above the scale will therefore be understood to indicate the position ot' the convex cylindrical l lenses, ywhile those below the scale indicate the axes of the concave cylindrical lenses hereinafter described. Thepurpose of the scale S will be explained hereinafter in connection with the parts of the apparatus which co-opcrate therewith.

YVithin the hollow disk O are mounted upon horizontal pins the smaller disks, lettered V W X, one being above and one upon each side of the axis of the disk O. The margin of each of the disks V WV X is provided with a row of perforations, a, which vare equidistant from each other, and are arranged von a line concentric with the axis of the disk. In the Ico aperturesu in the disk X are provided thirteen convex cylindrical lenses, whose axes sta-nd'at 90 of the universal standard used in indicating the axes of cylindrical lenses,n

and thirteen conca-ve cylindrical lenses, the axis of each of which is set at 180 of the normal standard. The disk V has secured in its row of perforations a twenty-nine con- Vex lenses, and the disk W is similarly provided with an equa-l number of concave lenses. In each of the disks V W X one of the apertures is left .blankthat is, it contains no lens. The size and arrangement of the disks V W X are such that they project slightly beyond therperiphery of the disk O, as shown, and that the rows of perforations a, when the disks are rotated, cross each others path directly on the line of sight through the hollow hubs M N. The purpose of having the edge of the disks V WV X project lbeyond the edge of the disk O is to permit them to be conveniently rotated by hand, when desired, and of the arrangement of the apertures a described is to bring any desired combination of lenses behind the eye-piece during the operation of testing the eye.

Upon the rotation of .the disks V XV X the strength of the lenses brought within the line of sight will bc indicated by the numbers formed upon the disks in circular lines, and arranged to appear at the openings P Q It, hereinafter mentionedthat is to say, ,the strength of the lens brought by the disk V before the hub M will be denoted by the appropriate ligure at the opening P, that by the disk W by a figure at the opening R, and that by the disk X at the opening Q.

Vhen the disk V is rotated downward, for illustration, it will bring at the eye-piece M, in constantly-increasing strength, (commencing at 0,) twenty-nine concave lenses, whose strength will be indicated to the observer by the figures regularly appearing before the op ening V. The same is true of the disk W, except that the strength of the lenses in this disk is indicated by the iigures appearing at the opening R.

When the disk X is revolved toward'the right, (from 0,) it will bring its thirteen convex cylindrical lenses before the eye-piece M in regular order, their strength being denoted by figures and the sign lat the opening Q, and when the disk X is revolved toward the left (from 0) its thirteen concave cylindrical lensesY will appear before the eye-piece M, while their strength will be indicated by the numbers and the sign at the opening Q. The openings P Q R are provided with inwardly-tapered iianges Y, which `entend to a point adjacent to the faces 'of the disks V W X, and their purpose is to direct the vision to the characters appearing on the disks in rear of the openings, and to avoid the disclosure of any character to view, except such as is directly behind the opening.

The disks V W X will be prevented from rotating, except when positively moved by hand, by springs c, which will exert a constant pressure against them, but will not prevent their being rotated when desired.

A spring-pawl, d, havinga padded bearingpoint, is provided for the purpose of preventing the too free rotation of the large disk O, and to detain it in any set position until moved by hand. This pawl will be secured to the arm G, and its end will impinge the posterior face of the disk O. rlhe pawl d is shown in a detached View in the drawings, and

' in said view the point of the pawl is indicated by dotted lines, the encompassing full lines describing the outline of the padded portion. A pawl of any suitable description may be employed for the purpose of restraining the movement of the large disk. The shank end of the pawl d will be secured to the adjacent standard by a rivet or otherwise, the sectionl in Fig. 2 being on a line which prevents the rivet being shown. I shall prefer to polish the surface of the disk O in a circle corresponding with the path described by the padded end of the pawl d as the disk is rotated.

Upon the rear portion of the standard B is secured a bracket, f, to which is applied an arm, g, which will have upon its face the usual graduated scale,and will carry a suitable slide, It, to hold alreading tablet of the customary kind used in testing eyes. The inner bent end of the arm g enters an aperture in the bracket f, from which it may be removed at will.

In testing the eyes preparatory to selecting a suitable pair of glasses it is necessary,

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among other things, to determine the distance between the pupils, and to accomplish this I have produced the device illustrated in Fig. 3, which when in use may be introduced into the socket formed in the bracketf, the arm g having been previously removed. The said device illustrated in Fig. 3 consists of the standard m supporting a cross bar, a, upon which a graduated scale is provided and which carries two disks t u. These disks may both be adjustable toward or from each other, or one may be fixed and the other movable. In

each ol" the disks t u a vertical slit, w, is

formed, and within one ot' them, preferably the one at the left, a prism, w, covers the slit: In the, use of this part of the invention the left disk t is brought against the left eye and the right-hand disk then moved on the bar a until its slit w is directly in front of the pupil of the right eye, at which time the person will see double, and by observing the scale on the bar the pupillary distance may be at once determined. The obj ect to be looked at through the disks t u should be about ten feet from the instrument.

In the employment of the apparatus hereinbefore described any single lens or combination of lenses desired maybe brought before the eye-piece M, as will be readily understood. When a single lens of any one disk is to be used at the eyepiece, blank apertures in the IIO other two disks will be turned in line with the lens in use.

The scale S is only to be employed in connection With the disk X, which contains, as aforesaid, a series of concave and a series of convex cylindrical lenses. The axes of the concave cylindrical lenses will be automatically indicated on the outer row of scale figures by the index-point L, while the aXis of the convex cylindrical lenses will be similarly denoted by the index-finger K. The axis of the cylindrical lenses may be placed in any desired angle to suit the eye, being tested by rotating the large frame or disk, and when such angle has been reached it will be denoted on the scale S by the fingers K or L, and the optician will accordingly be enabled to prepare a glass the axis of which will suit the eye tested.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In apparatus for testing the eyes, a disk having a line of sight through its center, in combination with smaller disks carrying a series of lenses and indicating-characters, which lenses, when the smaller disks are rotated, may be brought before the sight-line, sub stantially as set forth.

2. The disk O, having aline ofsight through it, and openings P Q R, in combination with the disks V IV X, carrying a series of lenses, and which, when rotated, cause said lenses to cross the sightline, the character of the lenses on the line of sight being denoted at the one or more of the openings, P Q R, substantially as set forth. l

8. The hollow disk O, inclosing` the smaller disks, with their lenses and indicating-characters, and having a line of sight across which the lenses may pass when the smaller disks are rotated, and openings through which said indicating characters may be observed, substantially as set forth.

4. rPhe combination, with the disk O, having a sight-line through it, and openings P Q R, of the disks V W X, one whereof containing a series of convex spherical lenses, another a series of concave spherical lenses, and a lthird a series of both concave and convex cylindrical lenses, the relation of the disks being such that when rotated their lenses will cross the line of sight and their strength be indi cated at the openings P Q R, respectively, substantially as set forth.

5. In eye-testing apparatus, the disk X, carrying a series of concave and convex cylindrical lenses, in combination with the frame O, having a line of sight properly arranged with relation to the lenses, and provided with a scale, S, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

6. In eye-testing apparatus, the frame O, provided with the scale S, as described, and mounted upon hollow hubs or bearings M N, in combination with the disk X, carrying a series of convex and concave lenses properly arranged to be brought behind the hollow hub Mwhen desired, the strengthv of the lens being indicated at the opening Q, and its axis on the scale S by the finger K or L, substantially as set forth.

'7. The disk O, provided with the openings P Q R, and scale S, and mounted upon hollow bearings in the frame B, having index-points K L, in combination with the disks V WV X, carrying lenses, and arranged to bring the same when rotated Ibehind the hollow ,front bearing, substantially as set forth.

8. For use in combination with apparatus for testing the eyes preparatory to selecting a suitable pair of glasses, the disks t a, having a vertical slit, w, and arranged upon an arm having a scale, substantially as and for the purposes specilied.

9. For use in combination with apparatus for testing the eyes preparatory to selecting a suitable pair of glasses, the disks i u, having each a vertical slit, u', andv arranged upon a bar provided with a scale, one of the disks containing a prism arranged over the slit, substantially as set forth.

10i In eye-testing apparatus, the disk O,pro vided with openings P Q R, having flanges Y, in combination with the lens-carrying disks V IV X, and hollow hubs M N, substantially as set forth.

ll. In eye-testing` apparatus, the disk O, mounted upon hubs M N, and inclosing smaller rotating disks carrying lenses, in combination with the bifurcated frame B and friction-pad d, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

l2. The rotating disk O, having a scale,I S, and carrying a smaller disk provided with a series of lenses, the axis of which is denoted by the scale, substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York aud State of New York, this 10th day of March, A. D. 1884.

CHARLES AUBREY EUOKLIN. Witnesses:

CHAs. C. GILL, HERMAN GUsTow.

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